九大工藝程序如下:
1.配泥,將請回的香灰,過篩、加水,調製成灰膏與陶泥,按要求比例配伍,揉練至使用程度。再將篩過的香灰,按規定比例調入釉水,製成香灰燒專業釉料。
2.練泥,將加入香灰的泥料,在真空練泥機中,反覆的揉練,8-10遍,即可。
3.拉坯,陶藝師首先讀圖,明了設計意圖和設計要求,讀圖內容:形制、結構、尺寸、氣韻,然後上機拉制。
4.修坯,將晾曬、乾濕適合的粗坯,放在拉坯機上,開始修形,修坯內容:形制、結構、尺寸、氣韻, 其中,陶瓷結構最為關鍵。最後於足底加蓋印章,置於通風處自然風乾,以備素燒。
5.素燒,將乾燥後的陶坯,分層放入素燒窯。素燒溫度在800度上下,冷卻後準備上釉。
6.補水,將素燒燒出窯後的陶坯,用海綿沾水,擦拭坯體,使坯體乾淨、無塵,放置備用。
7.上釉,將素燒後的陶坯,浸入調製好的香灰釉水中上釉。要求:釉面均勻;整潔;不漏底、置於通風處風乾、備燒。
8.入窯,將上釉後的陶坯,分組依次分層放入窯中,坯體之間保留空隙,組合燒制器皿,組件間塗好隔離劑,需特殊方式燒制的,要備好相應、窯具,馬腳放置均勻,保持棚板平穩。
9.燒制,檢查窯內狀況,確定無誤後,關閉窯門。打開通氣閥門,接通電源,打開控制面板,設置升溫曲線,按下燒制按鈕,開始燒制。一般,燒制溫度在1200-1300度之間,燒制時間10-12個小時,燒制完成後,等待冷卻出窯,窯溫度降至100度後,打開窯門,繼續冷卻,直到不燙手,開始依次出窯,觀察器皿,燒制狀況,若有破損。揀出後的器皿,分類依次堆放整齊,準備盤點,入庫。
Nine process procedures are as follows:
1.Clay preparation. Sieve the collected incense ashes, add water into them, blend into ash paste, mix the ash paste with clay in a proper proportion, pug the mixture to be ready for use. Then add glaze water into the sieved incense ashes in a proper proportion to be professional glaze materials for Xianghuishao Potteries.
2.Pugging the clay. Put the clay with incense ashes into the pug mill, pugging for 8 to 10 times in the vacuum pug mill.
3.Throwing. Potter firstly reads the drawing, understands design idea and requirements. The drawing includes: shape, structure, size, style. Then the potter throws on the machine.
4.Fettling. Put the rough ware after air drying into the throwing machine, start to shape it. The fettling includes: shape, structure, size and style, in which ceramic structure is the key step. At last, affix a seal on the bottom of the ware, then put the ware in a ventilated place to dry for biscuit firing.
5.Biscuit firing. Put the dried ceramic ware into the kiln layer by layer. Firing it at about 800℃, after cooling, prepare for glazing.
6.Water replenishing. Sponge the ceramic ware after biscuit firing, scrub the ware to make it clean, no dust; and then put it for future use.
7.Glazing. Immerse the fired ceramic ware into prepared incense ash glaze water for glazing. Requirements: even glaze; neat; no leakage at the bottom; place it in a ventilation place for air drying, prepare for firing.
8.Put the wares into kiln. Put the glazed ceramic wares into the kiln by group and layer successively. Leave gap between wares; for combined wares, coat release agent among ceramic components; if a special firing is necessary, corresponding kiln furniture shall be prepared, kiln pillar shall be placed evenly to keep refractory slab smooth and stable.
9.Firing. Check the status inside the kiln. After all items are okay, close the kiln door. Open the air vent valve, switch on the power, open the control panel, set the heating curve, press the firing button to start firing. Generally, the firing temperature is at 1200-1300℃, firing time is for 10-12 hours. After firing is completed, wait for cooling, and out of the kiln. When the kiln temperature drops to 100℃, open the kiln door, continue to cool, until it is not hot. Start to take the potteries out of the kiln in turn, observe them if there is any damage. Sort out and pile up the potteries neatly, make an inventory and then put them into the warehouse.